DEP-Applied-Physics-and-Astronomy
DEP-Applied-Physics-and-Astronomy-MOB

​Hareem Iqbal Khan

Geological and Structural Mapping of the Northern Areas of UAE Using Remote Sensing and GIS

Studies have shown that ophiolites generated at oceanic ridges were deposited by tectonic pressures along convergent plate boundaries before becoming revealed in severely deformed orogenic (mountain) belts. In the United Arab Emirates, the ophiolite contains evidence for two episodes of magmatism: an early episode that was generated near a spreading center and a later episode linked to the start of subduction. To have a better understanding of this outcrop of oceanic crust, satellite imagery is taken into consideration, which allows implying algorithms and methods to have a discrete view of the units. Band Ratios are used to manipulate the band combination and generate false composite images of the Landsat 8 images. To identify the most important details, the bands must be combined and shown in terms of RGB (321) and clipped to the desired area. Responses are then applied to make sure there is no noise or error in the data. Another technique applied is the Supervised Classification – a method used to classify rock units based on training area data. It involves the maximum likelihood classification algorithm, which uses input for classes created from training site data to produce the necessary statistics and probability functions. To improve the results of Color Composite band ratios, more ratios can be applied according to the spectral profile of 5 rock units. The spectral profile chart will show a unique reflection for each type of rock and the generated spectral profiles are based on a color composite combination. The result of supervised classificatio+B15n can be correlated with the color composite generated through Sabin's ratios, and much similarity can be seen. Data set for the ASTER satellite is used in this paper to highlight the complex fault structures and dipping angles, by applying the slope function; slope and aspect maps have been processed.

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